(Publisher of Peer Reviewed Open Access Journals)

International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration (IJATEE)

ISSN (Print):2394-5443    ISSN (Online):2394-7454
Volume-9 Issue-91 June-2022
Full-Text PDF
Paper Title : Modeling, analysis and design of Solar PV based hydrogen energy storage system for residential applications
Author Name : R. Aruna, S.T. Jaya Christa and Praveen Paul Jeyapaul
Abstract :

This research article presents the mathematical modeling, analysis and design of solar photovoltaic (PV) based hydrogen energy storage system with fuel cell for residential applications. The analysis is carried out for a rooftop solar power plant, considering the average annual radiation in Madurai city, located in the southern part of India. For performing this analysis, a mathematical model for polymer electrode membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, metal hydride hydrogen storage tank and PEM fuel cell is developed and simulated. A typical day time and night time load is considered. A detailed investigation is conducted on the production, storage and utilization of hydrogen for different operating conditions. For real time implementation of the standalone renewable system, design calculation is required to reduce the complexity in identifying the rating of all the components. To meet the residential load considered, the required number of cells in electrolyzer and fuel cell are calculated as 32 and 20 respectively. Moreover, the rating of PV panel required is 1.5kW and 4 numbers of 2000 litre capacities of metal hydride storage tank are needed. The response of the interconnected electrolyzer, metal hydride and fuel cell model were also discussed. This system is emission free and effective for residential applications.

Keywords : Mathematical model, PEM electrolyzer, Metal hydride, PEM fuel cell, Solar energy.
Cite this article : Aruna R, Christa SJ, Jeyapaul PP. Modeling, analysis and design of Solar PV based hydrogen energy storage system for residential applications. International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration. 2022; 9(91):788-806. DOI:10.19101/IJATEE.2021.875129.
References :
[1]Rad MA, Ghasempour R, Rahdan P, Mousavi S, Arastounia M. Techno-economic analysis of a hybrid power system based on the cost-effective hydrogen production method for rural electrification, a case study in Iran. Energy. 2020.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[2]Kharel S, Shabani B. Hydrogen as a long-term large-scale energy storage solution to support renewables. Energies. 2018; 11(10):1-17.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[3]Serra F, Lucariello M, Petrollese M, Cau G. Optimal integration of hydrogen-based energy storage systems in photovoltaic microgrids: a techno-economic assessment. Energies. 2020; 13(16):4149.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[4]Ishaq H, Dincer I. Comparative assessment of renewable energy-based hydrogen production methods. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[5]Arsalis A. A comprehensive review of fuel cell-based micro-combined-heat-and-power systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019; 105:391-414.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[6]Özdemir A, Gamze GE. A comprehensive comparative energy and exergy analysis in solar based hydrogen production systems. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2022; 47(24):12189-203.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[7]Kalinci Y, Hepbasli A, Dincer I. Techno-economic analysis of a stand-alone hybrid renewable energy system with hydrogen production and storage options. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2015; 40(24):7652-64.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[8]Hossain MS, Alharbi AG, Islam KZ, Islam MR. Techno-economic analysis of the hybrid solar PV/H/Fuel cell based supply scheme for green mobile communication. Sustainability. 2021; 13(22):1-29.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[9]Manikandan M, Gopinathan C, Daniel T, Rajeshkumar M. Solar energy potential assessment in madurai city, India. Journal of Environmental Science and Pollution Research. J. Environ. Sci. 2019; 5(1):322-4.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[10]Ghenai C, Bettayeb M. Modelling and performance analysis of a stand-alone hybrid solar PV/Fuel Cell/Diesel Generator power system for university building. Energy. 2019; 171:180-9.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[11]Saeed EW, Warkozek EG. Modeling and analysis of renewable PEM fuel cell system. Energy Procedia. 2015; 74:87-101.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[12]Colbertaldo P, Agustin SB, Campanari S, Brouwer J. Impact of hydrogen energy storage on California electric power system: towards 100% renewable electricity. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2019; 44(19):9558-76.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[13]Pei P, Wang M, Chen D, Ren P, Zhang L. Key technologies for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell systems fueled impure hydrogen. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International. 2020; 30(6):751-63.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[14]Puranen P, Kosonen A, Ahola J. Technical feasibility evaluation of a solar PV based off-grid domestic energy system with battery and hydrogen energy storage in northern climates. Solar Energy. 2021; 213:246-59.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[15]Sabir A. A novel low‐voltage ride‐through capable energy management scheme for a grid‐connected hybrid photovoltaic‐fuel cell power source. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems. 2019; 29(2).
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[16]Fathabadi H. Novel standalone hybrid solar/wind/fuel cell/battery power generation system. Energy. 2017; 140:454-65.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[17]Bocklisch T. Hybrid energy storage systems for renewable energy applications. Energy Procedia. 2015; 73:103-11.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[18]Ma Z, Eichman J, Kurtz J. Fuel cell backup power system for grid service and microgrid in telecommunication applications. Journal of Energy Resources Technology. 2019; 141(6).
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[19]Chen H, Zhang Z, Guan C, Gao H. Optimization of sizing and frequency control in battery/supercapacitor hybrid energy storage system for fuel cell ship. Energy. 2020.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[20]Maleki A. Optimal operation of a grid-connected fuel cell based combined heat and power systems using particle swarm optimisation for residential sector. International Journal of Ambient Energy. 2021; 42(5):550-7.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[21]Mushtaq A, Hussain T, Ayub KS, Haider MS. Dynamic model to expand energy storage in form of battery and hydrogen production using solar powered water electrolysis for off grid communities. Engineering Proceedings. 2022; 12(1):1-4.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[22]Lototskyy MV, Tolj I, Pickering L, Sita C, Barbir F, Yartys V. The use of metal hydrides in fuel cell applications. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International. 2017; 27(1):3-20.
[Google Scholar]
[23]Liso V, Savoia G, Araya SS, Cinti G, Kær SK. Modelling and experimental analysis of a polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis cell at different operating temperatures. Energies. 2018; 11(12):1-18.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[24]Zhang H, Su S, Lin G, Chen J. Efficiency calculation and configuration design of a PEM electrolyzer system for hydrogen production. International Journal of Electrochemical Science. 2012; 7(4):4143-57.
[Google Scholar]
[25]Lee B, Park K, Kim HM. Dynamic simulation of PEM water electrolysis and comparison with experiments. International Journal of Electrochemical Science. 2013; 8(1):235-48.
[Google Scholar]
[26]Nafchi FM, Afshari E, Baniasadi E, Javani N. A parametric study of polymer membrane electrolyser performance, energy and exergy analyses. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2019; 44(34):18662-70.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[27]Talaganis BA, Meyer GO, Aguirre PA. Modeling and simulation of absorption–desorption cyclic processes for hydrogen storage-compression using metal hydrides. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2011; 36(21):13621-31.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[28]Rabienataj DAA, Hassanzadeh AH, Alizadeh E, Shokri V, Farhadi M. Numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer during absorption of hydrogen in metal hydride tank. Heat Transfer-Asian Research. 2017; 46(1):75-90.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[29]Lototskyy MV, Yartys VA, Pollet BG, Bowman JRC. Metal hydride hydrogen compressors: a review. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2014; 39(11):5818-51.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[30]Urbanczyk R, Peil S, Bathen D, Heßke C, Burfeind J, Hauschild K, et al. HT‐PEM fuel cell system with integrated complex metal hydride storage tank. Fuel Cells. 2011; 11(6):911-20.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[31]Cho JH, Yu SS, Kim MY, Kang SG, Lee YD, Ahn KY, et al. Dynamic modeling and simulation of hydrogen supply capacity from a metal hydride tank. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2013; 38(21):8813-28.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[32]Modi P, Aguey-zinsou KF. Room temperature metal hydrides for stationary and heat storage applications: a review. Frontiers in Energy Research. 2021; 9:1-25.
[Google Scholar]
[33]Wang Y, Seo B, Wang B, Zamel N, Jiao K, Adroher XC. Fundamentals, materials, and machine learning of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell technology. Energy and AI. 2020.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[34]Pirou S, Talic B, Brodersen K, Hauch A, Frandsen HL, Skafte TL, et al. Production of a monolithic fuel cell stack with high power density. Nature Communications. 2022; 13(1):1-8.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[35]Benchouia N, Hadjadj AE, Derghal A, Khochemane L, Mahmah B. Modeling and validation of fuel cell PEMFC. Journal of Renewable Energies. 2013; 16(2):365-77.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[36]Khan MJ, Iqbal MT. Modelling and analysis of electro‐chemical, thermal, and reactant flow dynamics for a PEM fuel cell system. Fuel Cells. 2005; 5(4):463-75.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[37]Khan MJ, Iqbal MT. Dynamic modelling and simulation of a fuel cell generator. Fuel Cells. 2005; 5(1):97-104.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[38]Haji S. Analytical modeling of PEM fuel cell i–V curve. Renewable Energy. 2011; 36(2):451-8.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[39]Da RAV, Ordóñez JC. Fundamentals of renewable energy processes. Academic Press; 2021.
[Google Scholar]
[40]Zhang S, Reimer U, Beale SB, Lehnert W, Stolten D. Modeling polymer electrolyte fuel cells: a high precision analysis. Applied Energy. 2019; 233:1094-103.
[Crossref] [Google Scholar]
[41]Gajjar P, Jha P, Jadawala D, Valiullah U. Review paper on fuel cell technology. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology. 2022; 11(1):174-7.